Organizational Leadership Essay -- Career Employment Business

Organizational leadership As a valued and flavor employee, one is presented with the rare fortune of determining the type of leadership side of meat that best suits him or her. To some extent this opportunity would be a dream come true. As an experienced employee, one should be known with the vision and mission of the organization. One should also be familiar and acclimated to the day to day operations and processes of the company. Identifying ones attributes will better help one set up his or her role which will approximately benefit the success of the organization. When identifying ones strengths and weaknesses, a personal leadership style will assist one in the defining processes for which position will be a immaculate fit. Therefore, presented this opportunity sounds awesome, but choosing a biography is a tricky business. Where does one last? Is there just one line of achievement that would be the perfect total or are there dozens out there postponement to be discovered? More often than not, if one chooses a calling that doesnt suit his or her personality one becomes confused, unhappy and burned-out out (Lorenz, 2004). No one wants a job he or she dislikes. People want to enjoy going to work because in most cases it takes up a quarter of the day. Settling down with the function career mickle be as central to your happiness as choosing the right person in a relationship. But with any relationship, there is no right or wrong answers. So instead of choosing a career based on what one thinks he or she should do, self assessments can help one find a career that fits his... ... skills that are demand to lead this new virtual set of team members, I am definitely going to have an immense challenge in my perfect position.ReferencesGratton, L. (2007, June 16). Working Together...When Apart. Retrieved March 13, 2009, from http//online.wsj.com/article/SB118165895540732559-search.htmlHefferman, M. (2007, December 19). What You See Is What You Get -- or Is It? Retrieved March 14, 2009, from http//www.fastcompany.com/node/74036/printLorenz, K. (2004, December 20). Six moves to make more money. Retrieved March 12, 2009, from http//www.cnn.com/2004/US/Careers/08/03/job.burnout/Shrader, R. W. (2007, Fall). Leadership in a Liquid World. Leadership and Organizational Studies, 49, 96. Retrieved March 14, 2009, from http//sloanreview.mit.edu/smr/issue/2007/fall/17/

chocolate war :: essays research papers

2.     The chocolate War by Robert Cormier is a take hold about a boy named Jerry whose Mother died and who is living with his father. Ever since his brings death, Jerry hasnt been the same him and his Father hardly talk. Everything is going outstanding for Jerry at Trinity his school. He made the football team the guys prise him and this girl from the bus stop smiled him. Everything was going well until the chocolate sales came. When he was assigned an appointment from the Vigils, a group of popular boys in the school, he did as they followed which was to refuse to sell chocolates, even though it was voluntarily to sell chocolates nobody ever refused. After 10 days when the assignment was over for some reason Jerry still refused to sell chocolates. That was when hell broke loose and the chocolate war was begun. 3.     The best depart of the book The Chocolate War is the part when Jerry and Emile had fight. It was one of the big climax es of this book. It had you on the edge deficient more. The whole book you wonder if something similar to this part would happen and so finally it does. There was a lot of action and detail which was skinny so it seemed as if you were there watching the fight. When I read this part a lot of emotions gathered up inside of me. I was smouldering about how the crowd was reacting and then I became happy because of the few flavors that Jerry shot at Emile but then again I was upset that Emile adhere Jerry up so bad that he fell unconscious in to a pool of his own blood. The worst part of this book was when Jerry called up the girl from his bus stop. I felt sad for him because she smiled at him day-by-day and then he went in the phone book to look for her and he found it and then he called and she didnt even know who he was and she thought that he was some kind of sick pervert business her.

Chilean Copper Mine

This 21 year old copper mine had bygone through many other nature disasters equal the 2010 earth quack. The weep went out to the govern manpowert for help and their call was answered. The government stepped in and took curb over e genuinelything from the connection to the searching for these men. The area or location of where these miners had been running(a) was 2,300 feet underground and over 3 miles from the entrance of the cave. The government did not welcome the equipment or the people need to conduct this type of search for the viable survivors.Outside organization came to the lad of he government to assist in the search. With them a labor force big enough to work round the measure attending was sent. Three large drills were sent to drill locatings to last knowledge of the miners were deployed in the area of the mine. People volunteer to came help even if they had no training for this type of work. The voices of the families and friends of the miners were heard arou nd the world. This turned Into a adjunction government search the Likes of which gift never been seen forwards.In this area mining is the major(ip) part of the economy and the miners are the main source of income for their families. If they were not lifelessness living in the mine this would have impacted the families more than anything. To mislay their husband or dad would be an emotion toll that no one should ever have to go through. During this time the company did not do anything to help the families or the search for the miners. This type of action had been seen before by this company righteous a few years earlier. The owners Just set back and let everyone else do all the work and level money on the rescue of the men that were trapped.The last time that the mine had claimed a life of a miner the company had to pay $10,000 to the family uniform by the court. The government assisted with those families by giving them $540 a calendar month in support. Even in a smaller cou ntry like Chile that is not very much to a whole family to have a go at it one. The same company was doing It again by not supporting to taking care of the families because of the court, they were also ordered to close the mine until all rubber eraser issues what were pointed out in the safety investigation was corrected.The employees of his company knew that the owners cared more nigh the revenue that the money was bring in then it did about their lives. The mine was only close for a short period of time and reopened with very little done about the safety issues address in the investigation. hot seat personally took control of all the search operations because of all the media economic aid it was getting. He did not want the world view of his country to look bad. With the government and many other organizations helping miners were found to be appease alive in a part of the mine.The world media was directed to the get of the miners. It took a few more days to drill a hole bi g enough to bring the men to the surface. When they finally made it in a higher place ground they were in very poor health. There were some medical exam issues that had to be address right there on site from operating theater to dental work. The men and their families were showered with gifts. After this major incident then men and their families took trips and got to enjoy the things they would not be about to have if they would have dies in that mine.When they returned to their former lives as miners they could not get work. Companies were afraid they would report them for having dangerous working condition. Also the men had a law suit against the company they originally worked for and this added to the fear the companies had. The company faced a lot of charges that were in the end dropped. There were many things that could have been handled better by the company. In the starting signal then they knew the names of the men that were not accounted for they should have sent a c ompany spokesman to the implies to inform them of what had happen.They should have kept them in the loop of everything that was spill on taken care of them until they knew more about the status of the mens room lives. The owners of the campy should have been the ones taking control of the search not the government. They could have asked for help to the search, but they should have been there. Safety issues should always be taken care of, but in some counties they dont have the organizations we do like OSHA. The lake of support from the company should have never been a issue during this incident.

Primary Reasons of Poverty of the Philippines

Official meagreness statistics in the Philippines are part of the transcription of Designated Statistics instituted and implemented by the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB) pursuant to decision maker Order No. 352 signed on 01 July 1996. Based on policies O.K. by the NSCB, official privation statistics consist of the food and pauperisation thresholds, the subsistence and poverty incidence, the income gap, the poverty gap, and the severity of poverty index. The estimates of subsistence and poverty incidence are uttered in terms of proportion of families and of the population.Prior to 2000, the income gap, poverty gap and the severity of poverty index as well as the annual food and poverty thresholds were not part of the official poverty statistics. Under NSCB Board root No. 9 Series of 2000, these statistics were added to the official poverty statistics designated to the NSCB under E. O. 352. Moreover, front to 2003, the official poverty statistics were being gene rated only at the national and regional levels with urban-rural disaggregation. In response to user need for provincial disaggregation of poverty statistics, NSCB resultant No.1 Series of 2003 was passed on 15 January 2003, approving a methodology for the compilation of official poverty statistics.This methodology underwent a serial of discussions thru workshops, interagency meetings and users fora before it was approved by the NSCB. The initial efforts of the NSCB for the development of the methodology were undertaken in 1999 as part of the NSCB involvement in the Development of an Integrated scantiness Monitoring and Indicator System Project, a module of the UNDP-assisted labor Strengthening Institutional Mechanisms for the Convergence of Poverty Alleviation Efforts, Phase I, which was implemented by NEDA.Except for the food and poverty thresholds that are estimated annually, the other official poverty statistics are estimated every three years after the results of the Family Income and Expenditures aspect (FIES) of the National Statistics Office (NSO) have become available. The FIES is a nationwide sight of households undertaken to gather data on the income and expenditures of Filipino families.

Is There Too Much Technology? Essay

Technology is a great thing, it is used eachplace and everywhere roughly the world. Whether its a radio or an iPad, we solely curb some sort of technological device lying around somewhere in the house. You can ask it to do something and it will do it for you, it is a way of improving our living conditions. Lets receive with the mobile phones as an example. If you ar like me accordingly you cant be off your phone for more than two minutes. If you are not c all(prenominal)ing someone then you are texting someone. If you are not texting someone, then you are browsing the web, most likely you would be on facebook or twitter. If you are not doing any of those things then you would be staring blindly at your phone with nothing to do, or just waiting for something to happen.We come along very reluctant to just turn our phones off. Being a user myself I gravel nothing against mobile phones, but technology has bring more than a tool and more of a lifestyle. We all have to adapt to a new generation of technology. Its all something we have to pass water used to. As clock passes by technology seems to bind better, better and better. When I was a little children all I think about was playing with my dolls. Internet usage can lead to loneliness and misery. cerebrate the muckle, who spend all their time on the Internet, this would not leave them any time to spend with their families or friends. They would never have time to get out of their homes to meet new friends or neighbours, not allow them time to exercise , or allow them the ability to experience life.Although some community argue that technology can be good for introverted people by allowing them opportunities to have more social activities, a more precise assessment of modern day technology would be that it is harmful to society, make people to spend less time with family and friends, at parties, at degenerate events, and less time pursuing an active lifestyle. We need to understand that magi c spell technology is useful and necessary, there are also many detrimental drawbacks. The modern day Internet provides users with instant information from around the globe. We are able to learn and process information at much greater rates than society did before the invention of modern technology. While all this is exciting and wonderful, technology users need to understand the dangers associated with too much of a good thing. Teens should be limited to the amount of time they spend on-line, and by themselves.

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson

The lottery by Shirley capital of Mississippi opens on a warm June day in a town of virtually collar hundred plurality, and describes an yearly effect in the town, a tradition that is seemingly widespread among surrounding villages as well. While the townspeople, more than 300, await the arrival of Mr. Summers, and the obtuse wooden box from which every whiz is to draw a folded slip of write up, adults natter while children play a game in which they gather stones.The event for which they gather is a drawing conducted by Mr. Summers, a neatly dressed, merry business composition with a wife, but no children. Although legion(predicate) conventional customs associated with the lottery seemed to stick out been lost over time, Mr. Summers still has a large deal of fussing to be done to begin with he declares the lottery open. He has created lists of households, including the heads of households in to each one family, and members of each household in each family.Just as Mr . Summers turned to the assembled villagers, Mrs. Tessie Hutchinson, a house wife, arrives late just now then, telling Mrs. Delacroix that she Clean forgot what day it was until she noticed that her children had left her house, and remembered it was the day of the lottery. Mrs. Tessie Hutchinson than makes her substance through the crowd to her husband, while the villagers comment on her arrival.Mr. Summers begins the necessity of confident(p) everyones attendance, and clarifying whom will represent the family. When everything is finalized , each representative is c ei thered up one after another, and nervously draws a folded slip of constitution from the black box. While people are called up, one of the villagers presents the idea of other towns grownup up the lottery. Old homosexual Warner snorts in reply, Pack of crazy fools, listening to young folks, nothings ripe(p) comely for them. Next thing you know, theyll be wanting(p) to go back to living in caves, nobody domes ticate anymore, die hard that route for awhile. Used to be a saying about drawing in June, corn be heavy soon. First thing you know, wed all be eating stewed chickweed and acorns. Theres al panaches been a lottery. This contestation sets the importance of this annual event, and the strong beliefs of the town.When the big moment arrives, everyone is silent until the concern of Bill Hutchinson rapidly spreads passim the crowd. Tessie Hutchinson, Bills wife, shouts out to Mr. Summers that he didnt give Bill enough time, and that its not fair. Tessie is silenced, and Mr. summers recons for the family of Bill Hutchinson to sum forward. Bill, Tessie, and their three children than proceed as every family of the lottery ever has, and draws a new folded piece of paper from the black box. One by one the family unfolds their piece of paper to determine the sacrificed. Tessie Hutchinson , the declared winner, was led to the center of a cleared space, and with her hands desperately held ou t in front of her she was discharge with the first stone. Everyone then closed in on her, picked up the rocks, the takings of the lottery, and stones her to death. Although the villagers had forgotten the ritual, and lost the original black box, they still remembered to use stones.The Lottery by Shirley capital of MississippiThere are many characters that are named in Shirley Jacksons short story, The Lottery. Mr. Summers, a kindly man who runs a coal business, Mr. Martin and his sons, Baxter and Bobby. There is Mr. Graves, the man who helped Mr. Summers prepare the lottery, and Old Man Warner. There is Mr. Hutchinson, Mrs. Hutchinson, and their daughter Eva and son-in-law, Donjust to name a few. And although Jacksons story has many characters, she is most interested in the genial phenomenon of the lottery than she is in the characters, themselves.Instead, the characters serve as a means to impersonate a graphic demonstration of the pointless violence and general barbarousness in peoples lives (213). From the start of the story, throughout, and in the end, Jackson defines her run across of societys insouciant attitude toward violence with the villagers apathetic way of life. Every year on June 27th, the families of the village (and of other towns, too) gather in the center of town and participate in a lottery which culminates with the lapidation death of a member of one of the families.This heinous tale takes arse amid a pleasant setting, The morning of June 27th was clear and sunny, with the fresh passion of a full-summer day the flowers were blossoming profusely and the grass was richly super acid (213). She writes of the children playing and miniature boys gathering stones that are stockpiled and guarded and ready for the kill. Jackson stupefies the contributor as she describes how the lottery is meticulously prepared by Mr. Summers and Mr. Graves, with such(prenominal) display and circumstance There was a great deal of fussing to be done befor e Mr.Summers declared the lottery open (214). Then theres poor Mrs. Hutchinson, who, in her ominous late arrival, is greeted by Mr. Summers, approximation we were going to have to get on without you, Tessie, and she jokingly replies, Wouldnt have me leave mdishes in the sink, now would you, Joe? (215). It is this kind of small-talk among the villagers that makes this incredulous cordial phenomenon more significant than the characters. As fate would have it, Mr. Hutchinson draws the slip of paper with the black dot on it. You didnt give him time enough to take any paper he wanted.I saw you. It wasnt fair (217). Fair? Because her husband draws the paper with the black dot on it, it is inevitable that someone from her family or even herself, will be hopped-up to death. Be a good sport, Tessie. All of us took the same knock (217). Even the innocent children are included in the lottery. Do these people have any sense of right or wrong? Tessie Hutchinson draws the paper with the blac k dot on it. Her neighbors, her friends, and someone gave little Davy Hutchinson a few pebbles (218), with which to hurl upon his mother.This sick ritual spares no one. The mere thought of this annual lottery is mind-boggling. The matter-of-fact way in which the villagers carried themselves throughout the event as though they are conducting an election of some sort is unconscionable. Jacksons writing is brimming with obdurate expressions. As the stoning begins, All right, folks, lets finish quickly, (218). They want to be through in time to allow the villagers to get home for noon dinner (213). Unbelievable. hi Lisa, I really enjoyed the insight you offered in your ledger.You make very good use of the book by including a great number of citations in your essay and your vocabulary definitely adds to the readers understanding of your ledger and the passage overall. While you have ample evidence to support your brings throughout your entry, I found a few grammatical and technical e rrors that I would like to point out 1. )And although Jacksons story has many characters, she is most interested in the social phenomenon of the lottery than she is in the characters, themselves. You do not need a comma before themselves, as a comma separates the thoughts and almost prepares the reader for a new thought. 2. ) She writes of the children playing and little boys gathering stones that are stockpiled and guarded and ready for the kill. A better way of writing this could be She writes of children playing and gathering stones to be stockpiled, guarded, and readied for the kill. 3. ) Jackson stupefies the reader as she describes how the lottery is meticulously prepared by Mr. Summers and Mr.Graves, with such pomp and circumstance Again, you do not need a comma before with such pomp and circumstance, as you are not introducing a new thought. 4. ) Putting unbelievable at the end of your journal weakens it a little bit as you do not further the claim and give it some evid ence. Overall, I think you did a really great job answering the question and giving solid evidence to your claims. From your journal essay, I was able to see that the social phenomenon that the writer is talking about is the desensitizing of our culture as a whole Good work and good luck for the rest of the semester

Farewell to Arms by Hemingway

Roxane Noffra Mr. Livingston 06/11/2012 business 2 In uk/farewell-to-manzanar-2/Farewell to arms, written by Hemingway, we can appreciate how the ( hydrogen) jockstrap grew due to his blood with Catherine and his associations in struggle. His gain represents a genre chemical formula a typical ontogeny in the characters, overall in the protagonists. At the beginning of this book, hydrogen is characterized as being a drunken, adult femaleizer spell-bound with the nightlife in fact, when he knew Catherine, he considered her only if as a nonher adventure, as the women he used to meet in the brothel.In chapter 3, its easy to spy how Henry indulged the temptation preferring to drink and having fun with girls, just for pleasure, without getting touch in a serious relationship . . . and the strange excitement of open-eyed and no receiveing who it was with you . . . (pag. 13). Through his best friend Rinaldi, Henry met Catherine, the woman that will influence his changed.She was a mature woman, a woman that had a fiancee who died in a battle before they could get espouse In fact, she had a distinct perspective of contend from Henrys point of view, she was more realistic about it instead Henry was not tear down interesting in the war, he did not really k straightaway why he joined the war effort. However, as his experiences in war intensify, he became deeply pessimistic about the war. However, he realizes that his love for Catherine is the besides thing he is willing to commit himself to, considering her as his religion.One of the relevant developments of Henry character is how his point of view toward war changed. On chapter 5 the diversion between Catherine and Henrys point of view is highlighted through their discourse in which Catherine looks more mature and realistic . . . Lets falling off the war. Henry said, Catherine answered, Its very hard. Theres not seat to drop it but on chapter 9 when Henry had more experience and is in love with Catherine his point of view changed, when he responded to Passini that omething worse than war is defeat (pg. 50). In point of fact, Henry became pessimist toward war. Some of his arguments were that he had not seen or appreciated any kind of glory or dedicated (pg. 185), something that they were supposed to feel and go through in war. This conversation with the Italian soldier Gino, stand out how he was growing through his experiences. He claimed that the people sacrificed themselves for nothing in that location were not results in war just more number of deaths.Previously, Henry did not consider his relationship with Catherine a serious one. However when he was wounded, learned to value life and to pee him to enter into a love relationship with Catherine. His first step to realize, that his feelings toward Catherine were different can be enter in the next passage I had treated seeing Catherine very lightly, I had gotten somewhat drunk and had well-nigh forgotten to come but w hen I could not see her there I was feeling lonely and hollow. (pg. 41).Here Henry is realizing that with her he was changing his mood of treat women and that being away from her affected him. First of all, she was the first psyche whom gave him a undercoat of being scared of, since had something to lose there is a quote on page 137 said by Catherine before she confessed his motherliness Life isnt hard to imagine when youve nothing to lose. Here she performer that until that point they did not have any to loose but now they were going to have a baby an objective in life.But for Henry the thing that he had more fear of losing was Catherine, as we can read in the last chapter . . . you took the baby but dont le her die. That was all right but dont let her die. Please, please, estimable god . . . (pg. 330) also we can see how the character desperately pleaded with God to save his love, something that neer occurred in the novel before. On contrary, Henry never showed any kin d of belief in God. In fact, his relation-ship with Catherine had been the main reason of his development.Being in company with a brave and mature woman taught him those characteristics. His growth is very clear from a guy that did never feel in love, whom loved to drink and have fun, became a responsible and mature guy, something that even his closest friend noticed. Through his experiences, he understood that one must(prenominal) be engaged in life and be responsible. In fact, the development of this character represents a genre convention the author used the relationship between Henry and Catherine to highlight Henrys growing.

Medication vs. Natural Treatment for ADHD Essay

Attention Deficit Hyper application Disorder (also known as attention deficit disorder) is an increasing struggle among electric shaverren in to sidereal days society that affects them at home, in their social lives and academically. Many pack think that all- internal treatments be the only(prenominal) way to help children who struggle with minimal brain damage however, despite the contr everyplacesy over using music with attainable side outlets, Adderall whoremaster be a helpful tool in the battle against minimal brain damage. ADHD is a continuing neurological condition that affects millions of children and can often carry into adulthood. Signs and symptoms of ADHD may include trouble staying focuse, trouble listening, difficulty completing tasks, fid occupys and squirms and tends to be forgetful. Clearly, having these symptoms can make it difficult for a child to survey in enlighten and in other activities as well. (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2011) Many people believe that m edicament will affect a child negatively but medications are used every day to help with medical issues.For instance, if your child had diabetes would you flitter to treat the disease with medication? Obviously, parents would do what was needed to help their child overcome this disease. In the same way, we need to be open to the predilection of using medication to treat ADHD. there are umteen treatments unattached to help in the battle against ADHD. Medication is a controversial depicted object when it comes to treating any disorder however, when medicinal drug is used downstairs a restores supervision and distributed correctly, it can have a positive effect on the problem. When medication is taken, it enters the bloodstream and the key ingredients begin to stimulate the brains labor of norepinephrine and dopamine which improves a per give-and-takes concentration and alertness. pile with ADHD also tend to suffer from high blood drive and rapid heartbeat but when medicat ion is taken, it can help to get these problems under check up on and return the persons system prickle to a normal state. (Nall)Another method of treatment that is widely used is internal treatment such as dieting and counselling. Some people may see positive results with Natural Treatments but for some children, medication is the only way to get their symptoms under control. Some experts believe that ADHD can be caused by forage allergies and that by using the excreta diet, you can locate the allergy and treat the symptoms. In an elimination diet, you read nutritions one at a time that your doctor believes may be causing the symptoms. Gradually, you begin re-introducing these foods back into your diet and when your symptoms return, then a diagnosis can be confirmed. (Elimination diet and, 2011) There has also been oft thought put into the effect that processed earnings has on ADHD and research shows that it can have an effect on childrens activity levels.Nutritionists s uggest that adding high fiber foods such as berries and other fruits, solid grains and oatmeal to your childs diet that it can help influence their glucose levels and aid in the treatment of ADHD. These diets may be useful in the battle against ADHD but you cant guarantee that this will help with the symptoms. There are so many processed foods lendable in the market today that it is very hard to keep sugar and other processed ingredients out of your diet.In order to follow by dint of on the diet, one must make their childs food and snacks and keep up on a very strict governing to make sure that they do not consume the culprit foods. non every person can keep up on a diet to this extreme and that is when medication is operable to help keep the symptoms under control. Counseling such as behavioral training can be an effective treatment for ADHD. Also available is learning behavior wariness that can be an essential part of any ADHD treatment. There are three levels of ADHD beha vioral training that they focus on* Parent training* Classroom behavior modification* Special bringing up placementAlthough behavioral training management can be effective, check to WebMD, most experts agree that combining behavior management along with medication treatment can be the most effective treatment plan. star medication that has been used to treat ADHD is Adderall (Dextroamphetamine-amphetamine). Adderall was approved for treatment by the FDA in 1996 and has become a very popular choice in treatment. Adderall is considered a stimulant medication and according to The Mayo Clinic it appears to boost and proportionateness levels of brain chemicals called neurotransmitters. Adderall helps to improve symptoms such as attention problems, impulsivity and hyperactivity. (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2011) Adderall has many possible side effects that can cause concern, but if under a doctors supervision it is considered a safe treatment. (Monson & Schoenstadt, 2008) When victorious treatments into consideration, one must figure out if the side effects of the medicine are a small price to pay to conquer the perversive and life interrupting symptoms of ADHD.There are many benefits to both methods of treatment. When using the natural methods such as diet and counseling, you do not have the scuttle of side effects like you do with the medication but for more(prenominal) severe forms of ADHD, you do not see as high of an usefulness rate. Although there are the chances of side effects when taking Adderall, it does have more of a calming effect on the patient. The benefits of using Adderall include organism able to focus, sit still, complete schoolwork and help in many other areas that ADHD affects. I know that with my own personal discover as we have walked through the battle of ADHD with my son, it is difficult to recollect the correct treatment plan that needs to be followed. We tried diets and counseling but could not seem to get a grasp on his symptoms.Af ter being against medication for such a long time, we at long last sat down with our pediatrician and explored all options available to us. Our pediatrician explained to us that when people have cancer, they need treatments of chemotherapy and or radiation to kill the disease. In my opinion, Adderall is the chemotherapy and radiation for ADHD. We tried for many years to help our son succeed in school and it wasnt until we started his treatment of Adderall twice a day that we started to see improvement. Adderall is not an instant fix but given time, it is effective. Our son is now going into high school and not only does he have passing grades, but we no longer get calls from the teachers because he is unable to sit still and pay attention.Anytime medications are used in treatment plans, there is always a possibility of side effects. By going about treatment with medication in the proper panache and following your doctors advice, Adderall and other medications can be a very useful tool in gaining control of your childs ADHD. I do believe that natural treatments are always the beaver option and should be considered first, but when these treatments do not help work on the issue then you need to consider other options.When your child suffers from ADHD and it affects all areas of their lives, you need to be open to whatever options are available to help you get the situation under control. By using Adderall and natural treatments such as diet and counseling together, you can get control back of your childs behavior and see many benefits in the home, social setting and school settings.References(2011). amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, adderall. Retrieved from http//www.medicinenet.com/amphetamine_and_dextroamphetamine/article.htm Elimination diet and food challenge test for diagnosing allergies. (2011). Retrieved from http//www.webmd.com/allergies/allergies-elimination-diet Mayo Clinic Staff. (2011, Feburary 10). Mayo clinic. Retrieved from http//www.mayoclini c.com/health/hyperkinetic syndrome/DS00275 Monson, K., & Schoenstadt, A. (2008, July 10). emedtv.com. Retrieved from http//adhd.emedtv.com/adderall/adderall.html Nall, R. (n.d.). ehow.com. Retrieved from http//www.ehow.com/how-does_5406378_adderall-work-add_.html

Biomedical or scientific, naturalistic or holistic

People debate illness and death differently depending including on their own personal flavors as well as their culture. The 3 major linear perspectives that are often used by different cultures to develop the causes of death and disease are biomedical or scientific, naturalistic or holistic, and magic-religious. Biochemical or scientific worldview is the most prevalent view in our health dole out system and it is embraced by most nurses and other health care providers. The basic idea of this view is that all events in life occupy a cause and effect, and that the human body works like a machine, and all reality can be observed and measured (exBP, soda levels, intelligence test. ) unrivalled example of the biochemical or scientific view regarding disease and illness is the bacterial or viral bill of hereditary disease. A naturalistic or holistic viewpoint are ordinarily embraced among the Native American, Hispanics, African American, Arab and Asian cultures. This viewpoint e xplains and focuses on the holistic explanation of what caused the disease. This belief focuses on keeping the forces of nature in natural respite and harmony. Many Asian groups rely in the yin and yang theory which is a keen example of this viewpoint.The yin and yang theory is a belief that there Is an ultimate relaxation between everything in life one way or another, sum that health is trustd to exist when all aspects of a person are In perfect balance or harmony. According to the holistic theories, disrupting the laws of nature creates Imbalances, chaos, and disease. The Magic- ghostlike views basic concept It that the world Is a place where the supernatural forces dominate, and they believe that the fate of everyone depends on the action of the supernatural forces for good and evil.According to any(prenominal) African American and Caribbean people their explanations of magical causes of malady Include belief In voodoo or which craft. There are some Christian religions t hat believe In faith healing to help make do disease and Infection. These lead viewpoints are defiantly very different from one another. As a nurse, It Is important to be aware that people view heath and Illness differently. A nurse must know that not matter If they agrees with the patients views or not, they must respect the patients beliefs and do everything possible to work within the guidelines of their sews and beliefs to outflow them the best care possible.Brenner Chapter 7 pages 102-103 http//YMMV. Credulous. Com/theory/waylaying. CFML http//w+M. Nursing-nurse. Com/causes-of-illness-236/ biomedical or scientific, naturalistic or holistic, and magic-religious By Alexandra_enema example of this viewpoint. The yin and yang theory is a belief that there is an is believed to exist when all aspects of a person are in perfect balance or harmony. According to the holistic theories, disrupting the laws of nature creates imbalances, chaos, and disease.The Magic- sacred views basic c oncept it that the world is a magical causes of illness embroil belief in voodoo or which craft. There are some Christian religions that believe in faith healing to help fight disease and infection. These three viewpoints are defiantly very different from one another. As a nurse, it is important to be aware that people view heath and illness differently. A nurse must know that not matter if they agrees with the patients views or not, they must respect http//www. Credulous. Com/theory/yang. CFML http//www. Nursing-nurse. Com/causes-of-illness-236/

Micro-Environment Essay

1.0Background InformationWith the approach of gene technology, it is important to understand not only the phenotype of the being b bely also the genotype. Previously, you should have learnt the analysis of genetic traits and the various(a) ways where they cig bette be transmitted from pargonnts to children (by phenotype analysis). Each chromosome is divided into antithetic sections called genes. Genes argon the solid ground of inheritance where traits like hair colour and squanderer type ar controlled by the production of proteins by these genes. Genes contain coded instructions that the body uses to match hundreds of variant types of proteins that make an individual uniqueThese amazing trait controllers (genes) are make up of molecules called deoxyribonucleic acid (desoxyribonucleic acid). DNA is a branched-helical polymer bound in concert by hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairing nucleotides (A to T, G to C). A particular gene is a set of coded instructions ma de up of a particular order of nucleotides. The variation of which allows the myriad of codes to survive in an organism for it to be unique. This is what controls the genotype of an organism and henceforth, the extraction and isolation of an organisms DNA is imperative, in order to allow further insight into the organism use different molecular-based methods.In this experiment, you lead be taking a closer look at this DNA molecule. You will be extracting your own DNA using buccal/cheek cells as the starting material.2.1Materialssaline solution15 ml centrifuge organ pipe Paper cup swallow water Vortex Centrifuge 10% SDSBromelain protease (50mg/mL) Ice parky isopropanol Graduated pipettes2.2MethodsIMPORTANT nonE Ensure that you have not eaten in the past 1 hour before conducting this experiment (if you are the DNA donor). Ensure that gloves are worn at all times in the experiment.1. Swish you mouth with about 100 mL drinking water, for about 20 stand bys, to remove any foo d particles. Discard this washout into the sink.2. Using a permanent marker pen, label your group evoke onto the paper cup and 15 mL centrifuge tube containing 10mL saline.3. pour out all the 10mL saline solution into your mouth and vigorously swish for 60s. Do not discard the centrifuge tube.4. Expel the saline mouthwash into the labeled paper cup.5. Carefully, pour the saline mouthwash from the paper cup, back into the 15 mL centrifuge tube from step 2. Tightly cap the tube.6. goodbye the capped tubes to the laboratory technician in order to be centrifuged (4500 rpm, 5 min).7. Upon centrifuging, you should be able to see your buccal cell pellet (the whitish reject solid level at the bottom of the tube). Gently, pour away the supernatant (the liquid upper layer).8. Place the tube on ice.9. Add 2 mL saline into the tube and vortex for 5-10 seconds.10. Add 1 mL 10% (w/v) sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) solution (active comp unrivallednt in detergents).11. Gently pester the tubes several times (8 times) to gently mix the limit. You may reverse the tube twice if needed.12. On ice, add 2 3 drops of the lab supplied bromelain protease enzyme into the tube.13. Gently tap the tubes several times (8 times) to gently mix the contents. You may invert the tube twice if needed.14. Cap the tube and place it is a 50oC for 10 minutes.15. With a clean pipette, gently pipette in 10 mL ice cold isopropanol (95% v/v) slowly into the tube. Tip Place the filled pipette with its tip against the at bottom wall of the screen tube. Slowly allow the isopropanol to dribble down feather the within of the tube.16. Cap and place the tube in a test tube rack at room temperature for 10 minutes. DO NOT mix, shake, or bump the test tube during this period.17. The isopropanol is lighter than the contents of the tube. When added check to the directions, the isopropanol will form a clear layer ABOVE the suspension.18. Observe the test tube for 5 minutes. The DNA will gradually separat e from the suspension and rise into the isopropanol layer. pull in the fashion of the DNA.19. Take a photo as proof of your observation.20. To remove the salt away DNA from the tube, follow the directions for DNA spooling as below-a. Gently hive away the glass rod through the isopropanol layer into the clumped/accumulated DNA.b. Carefully, winding the rod between your fingers, winding the DNA strands onto the rod.c. Slowly remove the rod. Describe the appearance of the spooled DNA.d. Take a photo as proof of your observation.0. Questions1. Which iodine of the following do you think will contain DNA? rationalize your reasoning.Bananas concrete fossils meat metal spinach strawberries.2. What effect would the SDS have on the cell membranes and cold ethanol on DNA?3. What type of enzyme would be needed to separate the DNA into smaller pieces?4. Is the DNA extracted pure teeming for further applications (i.e. PCR)?5. If you were to repeat the experiment with an equal number of re d blood cells, the amount of DNA collected would either increase / decrease / duty tour the same (choose one). Explain your answer.Adapted from-Bres, M., Weisshaar, A., 2008. Thinking about Biology An earlier Laboratory Manual. 3rd Ed. Pearson Prentice Hall New Jersey, USA. Pg. 333 338.Teaching AS Biology Practical Skills. University of Cambridge International Examination. Pg. 74 78.43 Practical 10Digestion of Lambda () DNA with a Restriction Enzyme (EcoR I endonuclease)1.0Background InformationRestriction enzymes (nucleases) are enzymes that cleave the phosphodiester bonds on the sides of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). These nucleases recognize specific DNA successions in the double-stranded DNA, which is usually a four to six base pair sequence of nucleotides, and digests the DNA at these sites, resulting in the DNA becoming fragmented into various lengths. Some restriction enzymes cut cleanly through the DNA double helix while some produce uneven or viscous ends. By using the same restriction enzyme to cut DNA from different organisms, the sticky ends produced will be complementary and the DNA from the two different sources can be recombined. In humans, no two individuals have the minute same restriction enzyme pattern in the DNA except for very(a) twins.Restriction enzymes are named based on a system of linguistic process where the first earn represents the genus name of the organism whereas the next two letters come from the species name. If there is a fourth letter, it stands for the strain of the organism. Finally, if there are Roman numerals, it represents whether that particular enzyme was the first or second etc. stray in that category.FIGURE 10.1 Cartoon of how EcoR I recognises the restriction site and cleaves the DNA.The second technique used in this practical is the separation and analysis of DNA fragments. Agarose gels are commonly used for this where the gels that have been prepared with a qualified nucleic acid stain in it, have wells for the samples of DNA to go into. The agarose gel is covered in a suitable buffer so that the DNA is in a neutral pH solution. That way, the DNA moves one direction because of its charge. Since the phosphate groups on the skeleton of DNA are negatively charged, the whole molecule takes on the negative charge.Hence, when the DNA is placed inside the gel and the electricity is turned on, the poles are drawing the DNA toward the dictatorial side, where it will then move through the gel and separate according to the size of the fragments. This technique is called electrophoresis. Results are obtained with the help of UV light that is refracted by the nucleic acid stain that sticks onto the DNA fragments.In this experiment, you will be using the EcoR I restriction endonuclease to digest a known DNA called phage lambda () and analysing your sample using agarose gel electrophoresis.2.1MaterialsPre-laboratory work Computer/laptopLambdaDNA.docx (Word scroll file)Laboratory work Mic ropipette Sterile pipette tipsMicrocentrifuge tube (1.5 mL capacity) EcoR I (20 U/L) and bufferDistilled deionised sterilised water Agarose gel (prestained with EtBr) 1x TAE bufferAgarose gel electrophoresis set UV Transilluminator

Child Abuse in the 1950

squirt ill-use When you read articles over boor cry out and see the damage that has been ca utilise and what has buy the farm of kid abuse in todays society the result is sickening. chela abuse has blend a more than common thing in todays society. The fact that there are people in this world, who non solitary(prenominal) abuse alone in addition neglect their electric s suck inrren without consequence, because they are not caught, is blush worse. Thankfully, there are m whatsoever ways today to military service guard open a kid who suffers from infant abuse. shaver testimonial in the States has been in action since the colonial period The history of small fry guard in America is divisible into three eras.The first era extends from colonial times to 1875 and may be referred to as the era before organise child defense. The second era spans 1875 to 1962 and witnessed the creating and growth of organized child protection through non governing bodyal child protect ion societies. The year 1962 marks the beginning of the threesome or modern era the era of government-sponsored child protective serve. (Myers, 1). Since the fifties many laws pay off been use in rescript to protect children and keep them safe in our country.Children have become increasingly safer over the preceding(a) fifty years, largely because of the effect of heat satiate Kempes article, The Battered Child Syndrome which lead to more informed doctors, better media coverage, and more effective protection and reportage laws. John Caffey was a pediatric radiologist born in 1895. He later became cognise as the father of pediatric radiology (Girdany, 1978). In 1946, Caffey released an article called Multiple Fractures in the Long swot of Infants woeful from Chronic Subdural Hematoma based on dour mug up fractures in infants.In his study he examined 6 patients who exhibited 23 fractures and 4 contusions of long bones. (Caffey) in which he concluded suffered from chroni c subdural hematoma. Although he could not prove anything, his observations seemed to be unexplained to say the least, There was neither clinical nor roentgen evidence to support the idea that pre-existing systemic or localized skeletal disease weakened the bones and made them outstandingly vulnerable to trauma. (Caffey). With that observation he came to the inference that the long bones were hurt and fractured during convulsive seizures.There is little evidence to support such a postulate. In not a single case did fresh fractures appear right off following the convulsive seizure and complete fractures occurred in patients who only had lowly convulsions . . . To our k instantaneouslyledge, fractures of convulsive origin in the long bones have never been demonstrated in the common severe convulsive diseases of infancy and childishness such as lead poisoning, meningitis, cerebral neoplasm and hypocalcemic tetancy. (Caffey) further he still had doubts, because there was little e vidence to support such theories.He came to the conclusion that the fractures appear to be of traumatic origin but the traumatic episodes and the mundane mechanism remain obscure. (Caffey). Caffeys work and the article he print hinted at possibility of child abuse in such cases that he treated but could never be proven beyond a reasonable doubt. After the publishing of Multiple Fractures in the Long Bones of Infants Suffering from Chronic Subdural Hematoma, it grasped the attention of many doctors who became interested in the signs of child abuse. In 1962 pediatrician Henry Kempe and his colleagues published the article known as The Battered Child Syndrome. Kempe played leading exercise in bringing child abuse to national attention during the 1960s and 1970s. (Myers, 455). In Kempes work he stated the battered-child syndrome is a term used by us to characterize a clinical condition in young children who have received serious physical abuse, generally from a parent or protect par ent. (Kempe, Silverman, Steele, Droegemueller, and Silver, 143). To collect data to further his look, Kempe and his helpmate colleagues undertook a nation-wide survey of hospitals which were asked to indicate the incident of this syndrome in a yearly period. (Kempe, Silverman, Steele, Droegemueller, and Silver, 143). After the survey he found the results that Among 71 hospitals replying, 302 such cases were describe to have occurred 33 of the children died and 85 suffered permanent spirit injury. (Kempe, Silverman, Steele, Droegemueller, and Silver, 143). To continue his research he also surveyed 77 District Attorneys who reported that they had knowledge of 447 cases in a similar one-year period. Of these, 45 died, and 29 suffered permanent brain damage. (Kempe, Silverman, Steele, Droegemueller, and Silver, 143).Once The Battered Child Syndrome was published the earth and media became more aware of child abuse and many reforms were implemented. Amendments to the Social Secur ity Act were made. In the comparable year, the federal Childrens Bureau convened cardinal meetings to determine how the Bureau could more effectively help states react to child abuse. (Myers, 456). It is said that Attendees at the meetings, including Henry Kempe . . . recommended state green goddesson requiring doctors to report suspicions of abuse to police or child benefit. (Myers, 456).By making these changes and requiring doctors to report suspicions of abuse all states had insurance coverage laws by 1967. In 1962 the Social Security Act was amended which made changes to the child welfare provisions. In the following provision, Beginning July 1, 1963, State child welfare plans moldiness provide for coordination their services with the services provided for dependent children. (Cohen, Ball, 3). Vincent De Francis stated that the 1962 amendments for the first time, set Child Protective Services as part of all exoteric child welfare. (Myers, 455).Media Coverage brought child abuse to the attention of the general public. To help bring child abuse into the eye of the media and national public, Newsweek article When Theyre Angry quoted Kempe One day last November, we had four battered children in our pediatrics ward. Two died in the hospital and one died at theater four weeks later. . . The battered child syndrome isnt a reportable disease, but it damn well ought to be. (Myers, 455). Stating this in Newsweek definitely brought attention to the situation at hand. As the media became more involved and reporting laws were made, more and more cases were reported. By 1974, some 60,000 cases were reported. In 1980, the number exceeded one million. By 1990, reports topped two million, and in 2000, reports hovered around three million. In the early twenty-first century, reports declined but remained high. (Myers, 456). Although those statistics are high the cases are be reported and action is creation taken in order to protect our children. The increase in public awareness called for stricter laws and protection of children in disgraceful situations. In todays society we have Foster care and orphanages to help with the problems that come from abusive situations. In the early days, foster care was viewed as a major advance and as the outdo solution for many dependent children. (Myers, 456 ) That being said foster care was a way out for children in abusive situations and acted as a safe oasis. In the last turd of the twentieth century, however, some came to view foster care as a problem rather than as a solution . . . nearly half a million children are in foster care at any point in time and that too many children get stuck in out-of-home care. (Myers, 456) With that being said, there are some negative things that come on with the comfort of a foster home children of color . . are sadly overrepresented among foster children. Yet, despite problems, foster care remains a safe haven for many abused and neglected children. (Mye rs, 456) Along with protection of children there were also stricter laws, and the government became more involved in child abuse and protection. delinquent in substantial measure . . . Congress assumed a leadership role with passage of the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1974 (CAPTA). (Myers, 456). CAPTA acted as a guide line to federal funds throughout the government to improve the state response to physical abuse, neglect, and sexual abuse.CAPTA focused extra attention on improved investigation and reporting. (Myers, 456). By creating CAPTA it allowed people to become more familiar with investigation and reportings of child abuse throughout the nation. In addition, CAPTA provided funds for training, for regional multidisciplinary centers focused on child abuse and neglect, and for demonstration projects. (Myers, 456). With the creation of CAPTA responsibility for administering was placed in a new agency known as the National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect. The center funded beta research on maltreatment. (Myers, 456). CAPTA has had a major role in shaping todays nationwide system of governmental child protective services. CAPTA marked the final passing of privately funded, nongovernmental child protection societies. (Myers, 457). All of this was able to happen simply because the attention the media brought to the world of child abuse and that it can happen to anybody. Laws were implemented in order to better protect children and make reporting of child abuse cases easier. By the late 1970s, government-sponsored child protective services spanned the nation, settling into urban and rude areas equivalent. (Myers, 454). Along with sponsored child protective services, since 1974 laws and provisions relating to child abuse have been more frequent. Most importantly, Child protective services and Child benefit gave opportunities to children who were in abusive situations. To focus more on child protection, the 1962 amendments undeniable s tates to pledge that by July 1, 1975, they would make child welfare services operable statewide. (Myers, 455) By making that a law this fueled the expansion of child-welfare services as well as protective services. In 1967, Congress say that all states were required to have reporting laws, which means that any mirthful child abuse that is happening moldiness be reported. Once reporting laws were in effect, the prevalence of child abuse and neglect came into focus. (Myers, 456). By demanding reporting laws it really opened up peoples eyes when it came to child abuse and neglect and how it can affect a child.Beginning in 1974, legislation has been passed to help fund child welfare and protection. By doing that the nation can depend on the system and believe that it isnt going anywhere. Since it is now funded by the government, it can help a child in a situation such as neglect have a compulsive outlook, and the child can be taken care of in the best way possible. In October of 198 4, congress created the Child Abuse Amendments of 1984 with a drive to extend and improve provisions of laws relating to child abuse and neglect and word sense(Childrens Bureau, 21).This amendment required states to have in place procedures with State protective systems to respond to the reporting of medical neglect, including instances of withholding medically indicated treatment from disabled infants with action threatening conditions. (Childrens Bureau, 21). With this amendment in act, any faulty observations made must be reported when the childs health and neglect comes into question. This is important because it makes doctors more alert when they examine their patients, especially children. When it comes to a child, abuse is something that cannot be taken lightly.Since the 1950s our government has worked to keep the children of this nation safe. They have implemented many laws and provisions. There are many options children in abusive situations have in order to better their lives. Since the 1950s, our children have become safer because of laws that have been created. Child abuse is not something to be taken lightly, and the government and public alike need to constantly strive to better the lives of children in this country. Work Cited Child Abuse Caffey, John. (1946) n. page. Web. 6 Nov. 2012. <http//www. cbi. nlm. nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC3032844/>. Cohen, Wilbur J. , and Robert M. Ball. Public Welfare Amendments of 1962 and Proposal for Health policy for the Aged. Social Security. N. p. , n. d. Web. 5 Nov 2012. <http//www. ssaonline. us/policy/docs/ssb/v25n10/v25n10p3. pdf>. Girdany, Bertram R.. John Caffey, 1895-1978. . American journal of Roentgenology, n. d. Web. 5 Nov 2012. <http//www. ajronline. org/co Kempe, C. Henry, Frederic N. Silverman, Brandt F. Steele, William Droegemueller, and Henry K. Silver. Child Abuse and Neglect. Child Abuse and Neglect. 9. (1985) 143-154. Web. 6 Nov. 2012. Myers, John E. B. Family Law Quarterly. Family Law Quarterly. 42. 3 (2008) 449-463. Web. 4 Nov. 2012. <http//www. americanbar. org/content/dam/aba/publishing/insights_law_society/ChildProtectionHistory. authcheckdam. pdf>. United States. Childrens Bureau. Major Federal Legislation touch With Child Protection, Child Welfare, and Adoption. Washington, D. C. Childrens Bureau/ACYF, 2012. Web. <http//www. childwelfare. gov/pubs/otherpubs/majorfedlegis. pdf>.

Laughter and Laugh Charlie Chaplin

Now is the Time to muzzle Charlie Chaplin once said gag is the tonic, the surcease for pain. It is also a great deal that you visualise the saying express mirthter is the best medicine, which is non just an opinion, but has been prove to be true. In this paper I w disappointment prove to you that express joyter is the best medicine and that one should not suppress their laughter to look professional or respectful. No matter what the situation, laughter should be welcomed as a natural and enjoyable action that should not and cannot be retainled.The place of my paper is not only to prove my point but also to help everyone to appreciate and respect the natural, wonderful experience of ones laughter and the laughter of others. Norman Cousins said that laughter is internal jogging, which is a good look to put the fact that laughter is actually safe for ones health. Dr. William Fry of Stanford University Medical School comp bed express joy to inner exercise, he showed th at laughing lowers your blood pressure and heart rate, improves lung capacity, massages internal organs, increases storehouse and alertness, reduces pain, improves digestion, and lowers stress hormones.It also exercises the muscles involved such as your chest and abdominals. A recent study at the University of Maryland Medical Center showed that laughing more(prenominal) and having a strong sense of humor can belittle your risk for heart attack and heart disease. The benefits also include psychological health. It lowers stress and eases anxiety and fear. It also strengthens relationships by bringing you pissedr to passel, support defuse a conflict, and promoting group bonding. It also helps you think more clearly. jest in a relationship is important because it helps you open up more to the person and it brings you closer to them. It can ease the tension during an argument and buzz off one feel more relaxed and comfortable in any(prenominal) situation. many another(prenomina l) studies have shown that children laugh around 400 times a twenty-four hours while adults only laugh around 15 times a day. Many professional adults look at laughter as wrong and disrespectful. They reduce their laughing while at work and suppress it so they look more professional and sophisticated. School children ar forced to be quite and not to laugh ecause their teachers imagine it as disrespectful and foolish. ecclesiastic Chesterfield said that frequent and loud laughter is the characteristic of folly and ill manners, but how can people believe that such a natural, wonderful feeling can be such a terrible thing. thither are no reasonable explanations as to why laughter is considered disrespectful. accredited if you are laughing at someone as a way of making fun of them, then that is hurtful and disrespectful, but when people cannot control their laughter, it should not be considered a horrible thing.People dont comment other natural things like sneezing or cough out to be offensive, so why should they find laughter disrespectful. Many people say that this is not the time to laugh, especially at places like funerals, church or a business meeting, but would the person that passed away expect you to never laugh in their presence? And would immortal give you a sense of humor if He didnt fate you to use it? And would anyone want to work with someone who had no sense of humor? Of course not If anyone ever said they didnt want to be acquainted with anyone who had a sense of humor and knew how to have fun than they must be lying.God made us the way we are and He made us with a sense of humor for a reason. Sure there are certain times where you should control your laughter but it is more often that you absolutely should not try to control your laughter because it should be whole acceptable in almost any situation. Laughter, love and happiness are by far the best feelings anyone could have and everyone should be able to experience. You wouldnt say that someone didnt deserve love or happiness, so why would you say that someone doesnt deserve to laugh?I personally love to laugh. Who doesnt? I love laughing with my friends and family and I love to make other people laugh. I believe that a good sense of humor is one of the best qualities you can find in a friend. Everyone deserves happiness and to be truly happy you must be able to laugh in any situation. Most of my close friends are my friends because they know how to make me laugh and I love to laugh with them. As soon as I meet someone who is comic and laughs whenever they want to, I am immediately attracted to them.The number one graphic symbol I look for in a friend or swell is an amazing sense of humor and the ability to make me laugh and laugh with me. Everyone knows that no one likes a Debby downer and I think that everyone should be as happy as they can and laugh as frequently as they can. I believe that true happiness comes from love, and laughter. People should see laughter as one of the best feelings and should welcome it in any situation when it is truly natural. Every day an average person should laugh for at least 15 minutes collectively. As Charlie Chaplin said a day without laughter is a day wasted.

Edgar Allen Poe Essay

In the two s croupet(p) texts The barrelful of Amontillado and The Tell baloney H spike heelt written by Edgar Allan Poe, the authorised settings are where some(prenominal) of the victims are entrapped and likewise the clock time midnight, which is also when both of the murders are committed. This was of the essence(p) because Poe wanted to show the readers the fascination of 19th coulombs phobic neurosis of universe buried vivacious and the horror of the nighttime which contributes to the gothic nature of these stories.The Cask of Amontillado is set in an unnamed European city and to the highest degree Montresor, the vote counter taking a deadly penalize on his fri contain Fortunato who he claimed to have insulted him. The Tell Tale liveliness is t honest-to-goodness from an unnamed narrator point of view, who insists on his sanity after murdering an old man with a vulture plaza.In the Cask of Amontillado, the grade began at around dusk during a carnival season. scarce this billet suddenly jumped, as Fortunato was lured back to Montresors house and into the catacomb. The readers can affect the obvious antithesis as the carnival every(prenominal)udes to happiness, life and the joyful social interactions and the catacomb symbolises evil, darkness and death. Passed through long walls of piled skeletons Moisture trickle among the bones., walls lined with human clay These repeated hints of the bones lining the catacomb walls foreshadow the storys argumentation into the underworld and Fortunato walking to his death. The catacomb is a metaphor for a huge dead tomb which was ironic as Fortunato was walled up here at the end of the catacomb in the recess. It was truly Fortunatos last resting place. In The Tell Tale Heart, the murder also happened at midnight. Every night, just at twelve, I looked in upon him while he slept. Poe has chosen this enchant hour time as it is the dead of the night where people are scared of the pernicious evilnes s and the horror of it. And through the use of first person history in both stories, the readers see the twisted logic of the killers which revealed their insanity. Although the readers have doubts about the narrator, they are also intrigued at this insight of a madman. First of all I dismembered the corpse. I cut off the head and the arms and the legstook up three planks from the flooringand deposited This apathetic tone of describing grotesque acts showed the readers that the narrator has no empathy he is removed from the acts and is a cold blooded killer. From these two rhetorical techniques used by Poe, the readers can see the notion of madness of the mind. The narrator was psychotic and disturbed, he believed he was vexed by the evil eye and eventually lost his grip on reality.Poes based both of these stories around the time at midnight, the witching hour. This was important because this is an ancient European folktale. It was believed at this time of the night supernatural creatures such as witches, demons and ghosts are thought to be at their most powerful and also black magic at its most effective. because Death in approach shot him had stalked with his black shadow this clearly shows the old mans fear of the dark and how he linked the darkness and death together. Readers can easily relate to this fear of the dark hours as we feel precarious in the dark and difficult to see which often causes a skewed perception.In The Cask of Amontillado, Poe clearly showed Fortunato being buried alive. I position the second tier and the third and the fourth. The idea of being buried alive was a concern at Poes time when he was composition these stories. During the 17th century, many premature burials occurred. Over 140 cases of premature burials were put down and 10 cases in which bodies were dissected accidentally before death. This idea was important in The Tell Tale Heart also, near the end, when the narrator became paranoid. He kept hearing a distinctive ringing in his ear which leaded him to his confession. Tear up the planksit is the beating of his hideous heart. This showed the notion of being buried alive as he believed the old man was tranquillize alive, with his heart beating underneath the floorboard.In conclusion, the important settings of the two stories were the witching hour time and where the victims were murdered. This helped the readers understand the important ideas of the 17th century phobia of being buried alive and also the superstitions and peoples skittish feeling about the witching hour. One major difference among the two stories is that there are two settings within the story of The Cask of Amontillado while in The Tell Tale Heart, there were just one. This showed the readers the commodious contrast between life and death and how easily Fortunato was tricked into the darkness and to his death. But nevertheless Poe has successfully utilised the darkness and the silence of the night in capturing the readers attention and interests.

Good or Bad Governance

ecesis and what constitutes good or bad governing body of debauched organizations have continued to be a topic, hotly debated today as it has been for the last decade. An grievous point that bears repeating is that in that location is no mold of governance that will pull in transformation to a poorly performing organization into a pillar of high feat. Ide tout ensembley, the performance of the board is around entirely dependent on the people involved.The models or frameworks used green goddess only help by providing tools to work with. Inherently, those involved in the counselling plays an awful role in ensuring that the all the plans atomic number 18 due in order to realize both short, medium and long term objectives. In this case, therefore, the paper aims at describing and evaluating the Strebels Contingent Perspective of Corporate Governance in various realms.According to Strabel, business competition as an milieual grammatical constituent and strategy as an organiz ational factor be important determinants of embodied governance. On the other hand, organizational performance and earnings quality are two dimensions of its effectiveness. It is important to note that merged governance is effective in improving earnings quality and reducing accounting and governance risks. When the employees and the employer corporate in their relationss, the likelihood of having a high output is high as opposed to hen the two dont corporate.The performance also depends on the environment created by the employer to the employees. Working hand in hand in more or less cases, makes both to build confidence in whatever thing that they are doing, thus resulting to verificatory impact in well-nigh occasions. Another sentiment of corporate governance is the need for independent directors and set director tenure. In so doing, the organization is measured on its performance as utmost as profit is concerned.The directors must be independent in the finality they make , and they must be geared towards taking the organization to higher plinths. The performance of the organization is measured in the modal value in which the directors manage the finances, and all the aspects that are aimed at giving the organization good return. By so doing, it calls for a team work in every department. Everyone should be responsible and responsible for his dealings to ensure that the performance of the company is maintained.In dealing with external and internal forces, the governance must emphasize a particular focus in decision-making and resource allocation. This role changes as the importance and nature of external forces, the externalities. The external forces help to shape the future of the organization. Current trading operations or planning needs changes and the changes must be geared towards creating positive impact in the business.While making the change, the stakeholders must be focused and stand firm in making them, because when made wrongly, it can affect the progress of the firm. On the other hand, internal forces, internalities, have their own impact, as well as adding to those external factors. A good example is minded(p) in the case where the management is ineffective and the functionality of the organization is affected by internal or external factors. In this case, the board of management has to be involved in execution, taking a steering or coaching job auditing, supervising, coaching, and steering, each with a different perspective and behavior role to bring the organization in line.The composition of the executive committee should be reviewed annually. This should be done with respect to the dominant role type represented and the manner in which it fits in the environment. When there is a warning signal of an important liberation in governance conditions, the composition of the executive committee should be ready to make changes.The alteration should be made by mechanical drawing on the relevant subcommittee and making a corresponding change in the manner in which the board makes approaches to the decisions made. On the same plinth, when a shift in the governing subset of activities and related board role is required, the new crusade role does not necessarily have to be acquired from scratch. Instead, it can be installed quickly by shifting the composition and locus of power in the executive committee. This is an implication that to show that the government should be flexible comme il faut to accommodate any change that is aimed at making success in spite of appearance the organization.From the analysis made, it is inherent to say that Strebels Contingent perspective of Corporate Governance aims at making successful operations within the organization most of the time. When adopted by directors and mangers in every business set up, the governance can result to high output, hence making the business to give rise to higher standards. By so doing, the business will thrive because there are corporations in every sector.

Assignment 1

Use naming 1 (turn in here) to deal your assignment. Click on View/Complete to submit your assignment (Do not use the blushful submit buttons). This should be the only place you will need to submit your assignment. Students, please view the Submit a Clickable Rubric Assignment in the Student Center. Instructors, training on how to grade is within the Instructor Center. Assignment 1 Comparing Two Similar Businesses Due Week 4 and worth 280 points Access articles about the history, line of reasoning approach, perplexity, and marketing of Amazon. com and Borders Books.Amazon (primarily an online go for and product sales site) started in the mid 1990s and was not utile in the first few years but has grown and change by reversal very successful and highly gainful. By contrast, Borders bookstore, which started in 1971, was successful and profitable up until 2004. Borders filed for Chapter 11 in 2011. Write a five to 6 (5-6) scalawag paper in which you Describe the history and co re business of each company. Compare and contrast the management approach each took to net profit marketing and sales. Analyze trinity (3) reasons for Amazons success patronage not turning a profit for the first five to sise (5-6) years.Discuss three (3) reasons Borders, although initi eachy successful and profitable, ended up in Chapter 11. Discuss the extent to which the management of each company adapted to changing market conditions. Recommend three (3) ways a company should manufacture in flexibility to back up its decision-making cover so as to adapt to changing market conditions. Use at least three (3) quality sources to support the content of the paper. Your assignment must Be typed, twin spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format.Check with your professor for any extra instructions. Include a cover rascal containing the title of the assignment, the students name , the professors name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length. The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are Explain the decision-making process management uses to develop viable courses of action to a variety of management situations. Use technology and information resources to research issues in management. Write understandably and concisely about management using proper writing mechanics.

Mathematics and Time

Calculation of press practice session No. of total employees = 22 No. of assistant supervisors = 4 term used by assistant supervisors for production process = carbon% -10% = 90% Therefore, the total available cranch = 18 + 0. 9*4 = 21. 6 Maximum labour hours/ month = No. of days*labour hrs available/day*total available labour = 20*8*21. 6 = 3456 hrs Actual labour hours used = 1531. 7 hrs Capacity Utilization = Actual labour hours used/ Maximum labour hours available = (1531. 7/3456) * 100 = 44. 32% This figure does not include the clock interpreted by labour to rework on the parts rejected or returned by the customer.Hence, the actual labour utilization would be more than the to a higher place calculated figure. However, we believe that the above condemnation signifies the actual m exhausted by labour in producing or working on in the altogether parts. 2) Profile operation (Fabrication) Break even analysis Let the optimal order size be N boards a) utilise Punch beseec h radical Operating Time = Setup time + Cycle Time*N = 50 + 1*N = 50 + N b) Using CNC router Operating Time = Setup time + Cycle time*N = 150 + 0. 5*N= 150 + 0. 5N We would use the CNC router when its operating time is less than that of the punch press. i. e. 150 + 0. *N ? 50 + N =& angstromgt 0. 5*N ? 100 =& vitamin Agt N ? 200 =&gt N ? 200 boards Thus, for orders above 200 boards, the CNC router should be used as it will take less time and hence, would produce more fall of boards.3) Drilling Operation (Image Tranfer) Break Even Analysis Let the optimal order size be N boards a) Using Manual cut Total Operation Time = Setup time + Run time = 15 + 0. 08* five hundred*N = 15 + 40N b) Using CNC tire Total Operation Time = Setup time + Run time = 240 + 0. 004*500*N = 240 + 2*N We would use the CNC drill when its operating time is less than that of the punch press. . e. 240 + 2*N ? 15 + 40*N =&gt 38*N ? 225 =&gt N ? 5. 92 =&gt N ? 6 boards Therefore, for orders with si ze above 6 boards or more, CNC drill should be used as it will take less bear upon time and hence would increase the capacity. In addition to this we can in any case calculate capacity utilization using the available run time. As shown in Table 1, the bottle neck is the drilling operation. Thus the utmost number of boards that can be produced is limited by the capacity of drilling( which is 6359) comprehensive of CNC as well as manual drilling.

”Ernie Breaks” by Genevieve Scott Essay

The wretched hi drool Ernie Breaks by Genevieve Scott is about ten course old Cara, who lives with her aim and her older brother, Jed. The main themes in the short story argon duty and expectations. It gutter be elaborated to what you occupy to do, so you can live up to challenges you are approaching, and to succeed something that you are regard responsible for. Sometimes you can non determine the expectations sight have for you, or the responsibility is just besides big for your shoulders. Another perspective is other people can besides set question marks about the expectations they have for you, or sometimes your effort is just not enough to make full other peoples expectations. Shortly to sum up the themes, the story reflects a regular problem concerning too high expectations and responsibility for newborn people.At the end of every school semester their beget always buys them a passing present. The two siblings want a puppy, only their bring forth says it requires too much time. Instead, they got a tump over to share. The turtle is named Ernie.The theme and the central ideas are mostly told through the narrator, Cara. She is a young and precarious girl who lives with her mother and brother. She is not very intelligent, for example line 85-87 I dont understand why we have to learn about broken numbers. If something is broken, its wrecked and useless anyway. If its not your fault that its broken, you ordinarily dont motive to care about it This quote can be referred to the whole story, especially the last sentence when she kills the turtle.The expectations and responsibility for Cara is visible, because she is meant to earn care of Ernie, notwithstanding accidentally kills him by dropping him on the floor. tied(p) though she kills him, Cara did not say a word to her mother, therefore the mother believes she has accomplished her responsibility for Ernie. It is easier for Cara to not tell the truth then admitting she failed her mothers expe ctations. In addition to the quotes last sentence, she says herself that if its not your fault that its broken, you usually dont need to care about it. In this case, it is her fault that its broken, consequently she should handle care of it. She contradicts her self by not telling the truth.Caras kin to her brother is equal every other sibling relationship. They are not nice to separately other, but at the end of the day, they have each others back. Jed is the one who get to keep Ernie in his room, but they shared playing with him fifty-fifty. Since they both are allowed to play with him, the responsibility is also equally shared. In the text Jed bits tough in front of his friend, toby fillpot jug by ignoring his little sister. For instance in the text line 116-120 I look at Ernies tiny, twitching legs and I feel like Im going to be sick. wear outt do it, Jed I say, Youll hurt him Jed looks up at me, hair hanging all over his eyes. Private property He says. Youre being m ean, I say.Dont be so gay Toby says. Turtles dont feel anything. They have shells This quote shows that she wants to get his attention, and feels sad because he does not listen to her. A typical older brother, who tries to be cool and act tough in front of his friends. Jed also fails the expectations his mother have for him because he played with Ernies little life in a short string.The symbols in the text are clearly more or less. Firstly, the turtle symbolizes responsibility the two siblings need to take care of. The mother trusts them by giving them a pet, so they can share about the responsibility, but unfortunately ruins it. They do not tell her anything that has been going on go the mother is away. This shows the lack of responsibility of Cara and Jed. Another symbol can be Quit4Life, an organization that helps people stop smoking. Their mother is attending to their get in concert, but secretly she still smokes. That means she is lying to Quit4Life and the same is her childre n, when Ernie dies. That cannot be a coincidence. It is all about social heritage. The way their mother is in the society will eventually reflect on her children. She is their everyday division model. They look up to her, and since she is lying to other people, why shouldnt the children lie.

Critical Theory Essay

critical conjecture is a tree trunk of ideas generally associated with the Frankfurt School. It was during the early(a) 1980s that a new tier of theoretic inquiry which was highly faultfinding of tradional theories of IR, emerged. However the genesis of the theory push aside be found in the works of Kant and Marx with their emphasis on the emancipatry end of intimacy and enquiry. In other words hypercritical theory entails enlightenment send which subjects cognition and instruction to the ideal purpose of freedom and liberation.Jurgon Habermas gave a new bearing to the critical and emancipatory views of Kant and Marx when he questioned the epistemological(source of knoeledge) and ontological(nature of being) foundations of existing social separate and said that all knowledge is historically and politically based. Critical theory also involves the critique of modernity in the ranges of state capitalism, high-tech reindustrialization and science-cum-computer oriented education system that have strengthened and perpetuated the hegemony and dominance of few.Among the prominent critical theorists inclde Max Horkheimer, Theodor Adorno, Paulo Friere, privy Forester, Herbert Mercuse, Andrew Linklater and Dieter Misgeld,etc,.Trends in Critical theory hobby atomic number 18 important trends in critical theorya) Critical Social possibilityThe basic point of analysis in critical social theory is inn as a whole. It seldom focuses on state. It discusses all the social structures which are liable for dominance, ignorance and exploitation. Frankfurt Scool is the poineer of this trend.b) Critical International surmiseCritical international theory with its bottom in emancipatory ideas of Kant and Marx seeks to look for the possibilities of tronsforming international relations so that constraints of dominance are withdraw and univaresal freedom and equality achieved. It is actually the concomitant of critical social theory to the domain of internationa l relations.Key Aspects of Critical Theory1) Problem-Solving and Critical TheoriesProblem-solving Theory Accordinng to Robert Cox business solving theory takes the world as it finds it.It does not challenge the present order but legitimise and affects its smooth running(a)(a) by solving the particular problems that troubles it. tralatitious theories of IR are considered to be working in fever of stabilising overriding structures of world order with their inequalities of power and wealth. 2) Critical International Theory It argues that cognitive processes themselves are subject to political interests and, therefore, are to be critically esteemd. Theories of IR like either other knowledge are instruct by social, cultural and ideological define and the task of critical theory is to evaluate such conditioning implications. It not merely challenges the status-quo oriented theories but also comes up with normative solutions in favor of emancipation.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Communication Technology

CHAPTER 15 long Liabilities ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS 1. (a) semipermanent liabilities ar obligations that atomic number 18 judge to be stipendiary after iodine year. Examples include sequesters, long-run nones, and acquire obligations. (b) chemical flummoxs ar a form of relate-bearing nones everyplace ascribable habituated by corpoproportionns, universities, and governmental agencies. 2. (a) The major advantages atomic number 18 (1) ancestryholder control is not affected trammelholders do not amaze voting rights, so current caudexholders decl ar full control of the company. (2) Tax nest egg result nonplus have-to doe with is whollyowable for revenue enhancementation purposes dividends on origin argon not. 3) Earnings per sh atomic number 18 may be higher(prenominal)although bond c ar set down will reduce net income, wages per sh atomic number 18 on parkland investment company will often be higher under bond financing beca function no surplus shares of common stocktaking are issued. (b) The major disadvantages in using bonds are that enliven must be salaried on a intentic stern and the hint ( breast honor) of the bonds must be gainful at delinquent date. 3. (a) Secured bonds have specific assets of the issuer plight as collateral. In contrast, unsecured bonds are issued against the general credit of the borrower. These bonds are called debenture bonds. (b) Term bonds mature at a single specified future date.In contrast, back-to-back bonds mature in installments. (c) Registered bonds are issued in the name of the possessor. In contrast, bearer (coupon) bonds are not registered. Holders of bearer bonds must air out in coupons to receive take give wayments. (d) standardised bonds may be converted into common stock at the bondholders woof. Callable bonds are subject to retirement at a stated dollar amount former to maturity at the option of the issuer. 4. (a) caseful value is the amount of principal due at the maturity date. (b) The contractual take swan is the stride used to take the amount of silver engross the borrower pays and the investor receives.This valuate is also called the stated vex stride because it is the regularise stated on the bonds. (c) A bond indenture is a sound document that sets forth the terms of the bond issue. (d) A bond certificate is a legal document that points the name of the issuer, the vista value of the bonds, the contractual fill footstep and maturity date of the bonds. 5. The dickens major obligations incurred by a company when bonds are issued are the enkindle defrayments due on a limitic basis and the principal which must be salaried at maturity. 6. Less than.Investors are required to pay more than the face value therefore, the commercialise interest rate is less than the contractual rate. 7. $28,000. $800,000 X 7% X 1/2 year = $28,000. secure 2010 ass Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. Weygandt, explanation Principles, 9/e, Solutions manual (For instructor using up Only) 15-1 Questions Chapter 15 (Continued) *8. $860,000. The balance of the fastenings collectible account minus the balance of the force out on connects due account (or overconfident the balance of the exchange premium on tie downs payable account) equals the carrying value of the bonds. *9. Debits Credits obliges account payable (for the face value) and aid on bandages collectable (for the unamortized balance). hard currency (for 97% of the face value) and recognize on bind salvation (for the variety in the midst of the cash paid and the bonds carrying value). *10. A redeemable bond permits bondholders to convert it into common stock at the option of the bondholders. (a) For bondholders, the conversion option gives an opportunity to benefit if the foodstuffplace appeal of the common stock increases substantially. (b) For the issuer, convertible bonds commonly have a higher exchange price and a lower rate of interest than comp arable debt securities without the conversion option. 11. No, Tim is not right. Each payment by Tim consists of (1) interest on the unpaid balance of the give and (2) a reduction of loan principal. The interest moderates from for each one one period while the office applied to the loan principal increases each period. *12. (a) A operate agreement is a contract in which the lessor gives the lessee the right to use an asset for a specified period in return for one or more periodic rental payments. The lessor is the owner of the lieu and the lessee is the renter or tenant. (b) The two most common types of wages are direct leases and capital leases. c) In an in operation(p) lease, the property is rented by the lessee and the lessor retains all ownership risks and responsibilities. A capital lease transfers substantially all the benefits and risks of ownership from the lessor to the lessee, so that the lease is in effect a purchase of the property. *13. This lease would be repo rted as an operating lease. In an operating lease, each payment is calculateed to Rent get down. Neither a leased asset nor a lease obligation is capitalized. *14. In a capital lease agreement, the lessee records the present value of the lease payments as an asset and a liability.Therefore, Rondelli Company would debit hired Asset-Equipment for $186,ccc and credit Lease indebtedness for the same amount. *15. The nature and the amount of each long-run liability should be presented in the balance sheet or in schedules in the accompanying notes to the statements. The notes should also indicate the interest rates, maturity dates, conversion privileges, and assets plight as collateral. *16. Laura is probably indicating that since the borrower has the use of the bond proceeds over the term of the bonds, the acceptance rate in each period should be the same.The impressive-interest manner results in a varying amount of interest get down but a constant rate of interest on the bala nce outstanding. Accordingly, it results in a better matching of expenses with revenues than the straight-line method. When the difference between the straight-line method of amortisation and the effective interest method is material, GAAP requires the use of the effective interest method. *17. Decrease. Under the effective-interest method the interest charge per period is stubborn by multiplying the carrying value of the bonds by the effective-interest rate.When bonds are issued 15-2 procure 2010 fast one Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. Weygandt, chronicle Principles, 9/e, Solutions manual of arms (For teacher apply Only) Questions Chapter 15 (Continued) at a aid, the carrying value decreases over the career of the bonds. As a result, the interest expense will also decrease over the life of the bonds because it is determined by multiplying the decreasing carrying value of the bonds at the startle of the period by the effective-interest rate. *18. No, Tina is not right.The market pr ice of any bond is a function of three factors (1) The dollar amounts to be received by the investor (interest and principal), (2) The length of eon until the amounts are received (interest payment dates and maturity date), and (3) The market interest rate. *19. The straight-line method results in the same amortized amount being appoint to pursuit toll each interest period. This amount is determined by dividing the essential bond brush off or premium by the number of interest periods the bonds will be outstanding. *20. $28,000. worry expense is the interest to be paid in cash less the premium amortization for the year. property to be paid equals 8% X $400,000 or $32,000. full premium equals 5% of $400,000 or $20,000. Since this is to be amortized over 5 eld (the life of the bonds) in equal amounts, the amortization amount is $20,000 ? 5 = $4,000. Thus, $32,000 $4,000 or $28,000 equals interest expense for 2010. 21. PepsiCo redeemed (paid) $579 million of semipermanent deb t. copyright 2010 deception Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions manual(a) (For teacher Use Only) 15-3 SOLUTIONS TO skeleton exemplarS abbreviated arrange 15-1 Issue Stock Outstanding shares (b) Earnings per share (a) ? (b) $700,000 0 700,000 210,000 $490,000 $700,000 60,000 540,000 162,000 $378,000 700,000 $0. 70 Income in the lead interest and taxes affair ($2,000,000 X 8%) Income before income taxes Income tax expense (30%) benefit income (a) Issue bond certificate 500,000 $0. 76 Net income is higher if stock is used. However, stipend per share is lower than earnings per share if bonds are used because of the additional shares of stock that are outstanding. apprize manage 15-2 (a) Jan. 1 (b) July 1 (c) Dec. 31 15-4 property . wedges payable (3,000 X $1,000) . 3,000,000 truss chase cost . property ($3,000,000 X 8% X 1/2). 20,000 bail avocation expense . stay put interest payable ($3,000,000 X 8% X 1/2). 120,000 procure 2 010 flush toilet Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. 3,000,000 120,000 Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions manual 120,000 (For instructor Use Only) apprise come 15-3 (a) Jan. 1 (b) Jan. 1 interchange ($2,000,000 X . 97). drop on flummoxs payable.. sequesters payable . 1,940,000 60,000 capital ($2,000,000 X 1. 04).. Bonds collectable . superior on Bonds due .. 2,080,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 80,000 BRIEF accomplishment 15-4 1. 2. 3. Jan. 1 July 1Sept. 1 notes (1,000 X $1,000). Bonds due . 1,000,000 cash ($800,000 X 1. 02).. Bonds collectable . pension on Bonds account payable .. 816,000 interchange ($200,000 X . 98) . ignore on Bonds collectible.. Bonds collectible . 196,000 4,000 1,000,000 800,000 16,000 200,000 BRIEF operate 15-5 Bonds account payable. breathing out on Bond redemption ($1,010,000 $940,000) . subtraction on Bonds collectible . funds ($1,000,000 X 101%) .. Copyright 2010 throne Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. 1,000,000 Weygandt, Accounting Principl es, 9/e, Solutions manual(a) 70,000 60,000 1,010,000 (For instructor Use Only) 15-5 BRIEF make 15-6 (A) periodic arouse Period Issue duration 1 Dec. 31 June 30 hard currency pay $48,145 (B) cheer write down (D) X 5% $30,000 (C) decline of dealer (A) (B) (D) drumhead Balance (D) (C) $18,145 $600,000 581,855 silver . owe posts due 600,000 come to cost ..mortgage Notes collectable . hard currency 30,000 18,145 600,000 48,145 BRIEF ferment 15-7 1. 2. Rent outlay hard cash.. 80,000 Leased Asset construct . Lease indebtedness. 700,000 80,000 700,000 BRIEF calculate 15-8 Long-term liabilities Bonds payable, due 2012 .. Less discount on bonds payable ..Notes payable, due 2015. Lease liability. supply long-term liabilities . 15-6 Copyright 2010 derriere Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. $500,000 45,000 $455,000 80,000 70,000 $605,000 Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions manual(a) (For teacher Use Only) *BRIEF operate 15-9 (b) i = 10% ? $10,000 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 give the axe rate from Table 15 A-1 is . 46651 (8 periods at 10%). familiarise value of $10,000 to be received in 8 periods discounted at 10% is therefore $4,665. 10 ($10,000 X . 46651). (b) = 8% ? 0 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 1 2 3 4 5 6 Discount rate from Table 15 A-2 is 4. 62288 (6 periods at 8%). indicate value of 6 payments of $20,000 each discounted at 8% is therefore $92,457. 60 ($20,000 X 4. 62288). *BRIEF EXERCISE 15-10 (a) disport cost .. Discount on Bonds due money .. 46,884 1,884 45,000 (b) touch expense is greater than interest paid because the bonds sold at a discount which must be amortized over the life of the bonds.The bonds sold at a discount because investors demanded a market interest rate higher than the contractual interest rate. (c) bet expense increases each period because the bond carrying value increases each period. As the market interest rate is applied to this bond carrying amount, interest expense will increase. Copyrigh t 2010 lav Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual (For teacher Use Only) 15-7 *BRIEF EXERCISE 15-11 (a) Jan. 1 (b) July 1 currency (. 96 X $5,000,000) . Discount on Bonds collectable .. Bonds account payable . ,800,000 200,000 Bond enliven cost .. Discount on Bonds payable ($200,000 ? 20) . funds ($5,000,000 X 9% X 1/2) .. 235,000 5,000,000 10,000 225,000 *BRIEF EXERCISE 15-12 (a) cash in (1. 02 X $3,000,000).. Bonds collectible. indemnity on Bonds payable 3,060,000 (b) Bond entertain write down . agio on Bonds collectible ($60,000 ? 10). hard currency ($3,000,000 X 10% X 1/2) .. 144,000 15-8Copyright 2010 hind end Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. 3,000,000 60,000 6,000 Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual 150,000 (For instructor Use Only) SOLUTIONS FOR DO IT REVIEW EXERCISES DO IT 15-1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. False. owe bonds and sinking fund bonds are both examples of secured bonds. False. Convertible bonds burn down be co nverted into common stock at the bondholders option callable bonds can be retired by the issuer at a set amount prior to maturity. True. True. True. DO IT 15-2 (a) Cash Bonds Payable .. superior on Bonds Payable.. (To record sale of bonds at a premium) 312,000 300,000 12,000 (b) Long-term liabilities Bonds payable Plus Premium on bonds payable $300,000 12,000 $312,000 DO IT 15-3 Loss on Bond Redemption. Bonds Payable Discount on Bonds Payable Cash (To record redemption of bonds at 99)Copyright 2010 backside Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual 6,000 400,000 10,000 396,000 (For instructor Use Only) 15-9 DO IT 15-4 Cash .. Mortgage Notes Payable. (To record mortgage loan) interestingness disbursal Mortgage Notes Payable .. Cash (To record semiannual payment on mortgage) 50,000 350,000 10,500* 7,357 17,857 * stake expense = $350,000 X 6% X 6/12 DO IT 15-5 (a) Leased AssetEquipment Lease liability. (To record leased asset and lease li ability) 192,000 192,000 (b) The debt to total assets ratio = $1,100,000 ? $1,800,000 = 61%. This ratio means that 61% of the total assets were provided by creditors. The higher the percentage of debt to total assets, the greater the risk that the company may be unable to meet its maturing obligations. 15-10 Copyright 2010 nates Wiley &038 Sons, Inc.Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual (For instructor Use Only) SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES EXERCISE 15-1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. True. True. False. When seeking long-term financing, an advantage of bare bonds over issuing common stock is that tax nest egg result. True. False. Unsecured bonds are also cognize as debenture bonds. False. Bonds that mature in installments are called serial bonds. True. True. True. True. EXERCISE 15-2 stick out One Issue Stock Income before interest and taxes Interest ($2,700,000 X 10%) Income before taxes Income tax expense (30%) Net income Outstanding sharesEarnings per share Plan cardinal Issue Bonds $800,000 800,000 240,000 $560,000 150,000 $3. 73 $800,000 270,000 530,000 159,000 $371,000 90,000 $4. 12 EXERCISE 15-3 (a) Jan. 1 (b) July 1 (c) Dec. 31 Cash.. Bonds Payable . 500,000 Bond Interest outgo . Cash ($500,000 X 10% X 1/2) 25,000 Bond Interest Expense . Bond Interest Payable . 25,000 Copyright 2010 John Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual 500,000 25,000 25,000 For teacher Use Only) 15-11 EXERCISE 15-4 (a) Jan. 1 (b) July 1 (c) Dec. 31 Cash .. Bonds Payable . 300,000 Bond Interest Expense .. Cash ($300,000 X 8% X 1/2) .. 12,000 Bond Interest Expense .. Bond Interest Payable . 12,000 300,000 12,000 12,000 EXERCISE 15-5 (a) Jan. 1 2010 Cash. Bonds Payable 400,000 400,000 (b) July 1 Bond Interest Expense.Cash ($400,000 X 9% X 1/2). 18,000 Bond Interest Expense. Bond Interest Payable 18,000 18,000 (c) Dec. 31 (d) Jan. 15-12 1 2020 Bonds Payable.. Cash .. Copyright 2010 John Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. 18,000 400,0 00 Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual 400,000 (For teacher Use Only) EXERCISE 15-6 At 100 (a) (1) Cash .. 1,000,000 Bonds Payable 1,000,000 At 98 (2)Cash .. Discount on Bonds Payable .. Bonds Payable 980,000 20,000 1,000,000 At 103 (3) Cash .. 1,030,000 Bonds Payable 1,000,000 Premium on Bonds Payable.. 30,000 Retirement of bonds at maturity (b) Bonds Payable .. Cash. 1,000,000 1,000,000 Retirement of bonds before maturity at 98 (c)Bonds Payable 1,000,000 Premium on Bonds Payable 9,000 Cash.. Gain on Bond Redemption . 980,000 29,000 spiritual rebirth of bonds into common stock (d) Bonds Payable .. commonplace Stock . gainful-in Capital in supererogatory of Par prise. Copyright 2010 John Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. 1,000,000 Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual 300,000 700,000 (For Instructor Use Only) 15-13 EXERCISE 15-7 (a) (1) 2) Cash.. Discount on Bonds Payable .. Bonds Payable .. 485,000 15,000 500,000 periodic interest payments ($20,000* X 10) .. Plus Bond discount.. Total cost of acceptation. $200,000 15,000 $215,000 *($500,000 X . 08 X 6/12) OR Principal at maturity biennial interest payments ($20,000 X 10).Cash to be paid to bondholders.. Cash received from bondholders Total cost of borrowing. (b) (1) (2) Cash.. Bonds Payable .. Premium on Bonds Payable . $500,000 200,000 700,000 485,000 $215,000 525,000 periodical interest payments ($20,000 X 10). Less Bond Premium. Total cost of borrowing. 500,000 25,000 $200,000 25,000 $175,000OR Principal at maturity semiannual interest payments ($20,000 X 10). Cash to be paid to bondholders.. Cash received from bondholders Total cost of borrowing. 15-14 Copyright 2010 John Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual $500,000 200,000 700,000 525,000 $175,000 (For Instructor Use Only) EXERCISE 15-8 (a) Jan. 1 (b) Jan 1 (c) July 1 Bond Interest Payable Cash 2,000 Bonds Payable Loss on Bond Redemption. Cash ($600,000 X 1. 04) 600,000 24,00 0 Bond Interest Expense . Cash ($1,000,000 X 9% X 1/2).. 45,000 72,000 624,000 45,000 EXERCISE 15-9 1. 2. 3. June 30 June 30 Dec. 31 Bonds Payable . Loss on Bond Redemption ($132,600 $117,500).. Discount on Bonds Payable ($130,000 $117,500) Cash ($130,000 X 102%) 130,000 Bonds Payable .Premium on Bonds Payable. Gain on Bond Redemption ($151,000 $147,000) Cash ($150,000 X 98%).. 150,000 1,000 Bonds Payable . Common Stock ($5 X 20* X 30) salaried-in Capital in Excess of Par Value .. 20,000 15,100 12,500 132,600 4,000 147,000 3,000 17,000 *($20,000 ? $1,000) Note As per the textbook, the market value of the stock is ignored in the conversion. Copyright 2010 John Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual (For Instructor Use Only) 5-15 EXERCISE 15-10 Dec. 31 June 30 Dec. 31 2010 Issuance of Note Cash .. Mortgage Notes Payable. 2011 First episode Payment Interest Expense ($240,000 X 10% X 6/12) Mortgage Notes Payable .. Cash. Second instalment P ayment Interest Expense ($240,000 $8,000) X 10% X 6/12 Mortgage Notes Payable .. Cash. 240,000 240,000 12,000 ,000 20,000 11,600 8,400 20,000 EXERCISE 15-11 (a) January 1, 2010 Cash .. Mortgage Notes Payable .. 300,000 300,000 June 30, 2010 Interest Expense ($300,000 X 8% X 6/12).. Mortgage Notes Payable .. Cash .. 12,000 8,000 20,000 declination 31, 2010 Interest Expense ($292,000 X 8% X 6/12).. Mortgage Notes Payable ..Cash .. 15-16 Copyright 2010 John Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. 11,680 8,320 Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual 20,000 (For Instructor Use Only) EXERCISE 15-11 (Continued) (b) modern $17,652 $20,000 ($283,680 X 8% X 6/12) + $20,000 ($275,027 X 8% X 6/12) Long-term $266,028 ($300,000 $8,000 $8,320) $17,652 EXERCISE 15-12 (a) simple machine Rental Expense. Cash (b) Jan. 1 500 Leased Asset-Equipment Lease Liability .. 4,606 500 74,606 EXERCISE 15-13 Long-term liabilities Bonds payable, due 2015 . $180,000 Add Premium on bonds payable .. 32,000 L ease liability .. Total long-term liabilities $212,000 89,500 $301,500 Note Bond Interest Payable is a current liability EXERCISE 15-14 (a) Total assets . Less Total liabilities Total stockholders equity . (b) Debt to total assets ratio $1,000,000 620,000 $ 380,000 Total liabilities $620,000 = = 62% Total assets $1,000,000 (c) Times interest earned ratio = Net income + Income tax expense + Interest expense Interest expense = Copyright 2010 John Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. $150,000 + $100,000 + $7,000 = 36. 7 times $7,000 Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual (For Instructor Use Only) 15-17 *EXERCISE 15-15 Present value of principal ($200,000 X . 61391) .. Present value of interest ($8,000 X 7. 72173) marketplace price of bonds. $122,782 61,774 $184,556 *EXERCISE 15-16 a) Jan. 1 (b) July 1 (c) Dec. 31 15-18 Cash . Discount on Bonds Payable . Bonds Payable Bond Interest Expense ($562,613 X 5%) Discount on Bonds Payable Cash ($600,000 X 9% X 1/2) . Bond Interest Expens e ($562,613 + $1,131) X 5% Discount on Bonds Payable Bond Interest Payable Copyright 2010 John Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. 562,613 37,387 600,000 28,131 1,131 27,000 28,187 Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual ,187 27,000 (For Instructor Use Only) Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual *EXERCISE 15-16 (Continued) Copyright 2010 John Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. (b), (c) biyearly Interest Periods Issue date 1 2 (A) Interest to Be Paid (4. 5% X $600,000) 27,000 27,000 (B) Interest Expense to Be Recorded (5% X introductory Bond Carrying Value) (E X . 05) 28,131 28,187 (C) Discount amortization (B) (A) 1,131 1,187 (D) Unamortized (E) Discount Bond (D) (C) Carrying Value 37,387 36,256 35,069 562,613 563,744 564,931 (For Instructor Use Only) 15-19 *EXERCISE 15-17 (a) Jan. (b) July 1 1 (c) Dec. 31 15-20Cash Premium on Bonds Payable.. Bonds Payable .. Bond Interest Expense ($318,694 X 5%).. Premium on Bonds Payable Cash ($300,000 X 11% X 1/2). Bond Interest Ex pense ($318,694 $565) X 5% .. Premium on Bonds Payable Bond Interest Payable .. Copyright 2010 John Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. 318,694 18,694 300,000 15,935 565 16,500 15,906 594 Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual 6,500 (For Instructor Use Only) Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual (B) Interest Expense (A) to Be Recorded (C) (D) Semiannual Interest to (5. 0% X introductory Premium Unamortized (E) Interest Be Paid Bond Carrying Value) Amortization Premium Bond Periods (5. 5% X $300,000) (E X . 05) (A) (B) (D) (C) Carrying Value Issue date 1 2 16,500 16,500 15,935 15,906 565 594 18,694 18,129 17,535 318,694 318,129 317,535 *EXERCISE 15-17 (Continued) Copyright 2010 John Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. (b), (c) (For Instructor Use Only) 15-21 *EXERCISE 15-18 (a) Jan. 1 (b) July 1 (c) Dec. 31 (d) Jan. 1Cash ($400,000 X 103%) Premium on Bonds Payable. Bonds Payable . 412,000 Bond Interest Expense .. Premium on Bonds Payable ($12,000 X 1/40) . Cash ($400,000 X 9% X 1/2) .. 17,700 Bond Interest Expense. Premium on Bonds Payable . Bond Interest Payable 17,700 300 2030 Bonds Payable.. Cash .. 12,000 400,000 300 18,000 18,000 400,000 400,000 *EXERCISE 15-19 (a) Dec. 1 (b) June 30 (c) Dec. 31 (d) Dec. 31 15-22 2009 Cash. Discount on Bonds Payable . Bonds Payable 2010 Bond Interest Expense. Discount on Bonds Payable ($70,000 ? 20) . Cash ($800,000 X 11% X 1/2).. 2010 Bond Interest Expense. Discount on Bonds Payable .. Cash ($800,000 X 11% X 1/2).. 2019 Bonds Payable.. Cash .. Copyright 2010 John Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. 30,000 70,000 800,000 47,500 3,500 44,000 47,500 3,500 44,000 800,000 Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual 800,000 (For Instructor Use Only) SOLUTIONS TO caperS PROBLEM 15-1A (a) May 1 (b) Dec. 31 2010 Cash.. Bonds Payable . Bond Interest Expense . Bond Interest Payable ($600,000 X 9% X 2/12) 600,000 600,000 9,000 9,000 (c) Current Liabilities Bonds Interest Payable.. $ Long-term Liabilities Bonds Payable, due 2015 . (d) May 1 e) Nov. 1 (f) Nov. 1 2011 Bond Interest Payable Bond Interest Expense ($600,000 X 9% X 4/12) Cash 9,000 $600,000 9,000 18,000 27,000 Bond Interest Expense . Cash ($600,000 X 9% X 1/2).. 27,000 Bonds Payable Loss on Bond Redemption. Cash ($600,000 X 1. 02) 600,000 12,000 Copyright 2010 John Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual 27,000 612,000 (For Instructor Use Only) 15-23 PROBLEM 15-2A (a) Jan. 2010 Cash ($500,000 X 1. 04) . Bonds Payable Premium on Bonds Payable . 520,000 500,000 20,000 (b) Current Liabilities Bond interest payable ($500,000 X 10% X 1/2) . Long-term Liabilities Bonds payable, due 2020. Add Premium on bonds payable . (c) Jan. 1 2012 Bonds Payable .. Premium on Bonds Payable . Loss on Bond Redemption Cash ($500,000 X 1. 05) . $ 25,000 $500,000 18,000 $518,000 500,000** 16,000** 9,000* 25,000 *($525,000 $516,000) 15-24 Copyright 2010 John Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Sol utions Manual (For Instructor Use Only) PROBLEM 15-3A (a) Semiannual Interest Period Cash Payment Issue Date 1 2 3 4 (b) Dec. 31 June 30 Dec. 31 $29,433 29,433 29,433 29,433 Interest Expense $16,000 15,463 14,904 14,323 Reduction of Principal Principal Balance $13,433 13,970 14,529 15,110 $400,000 386,567 372,597 358,068 342,958 2009 Cash . Mortgage Notes Payable 400,000 2010 Interest Expense ..Mortgage Notes Payable . Cash 16,000 13,433 Interest Expense .. Mortgage Notes Payable . Cash (c) 400,000 29,433 15,463 13,970 29,433 12/31/10 Current Liabilities Current portion of mortgage notes payable $ 29,639** Long-term Liabilities Mortgage notes payable, due 2019 $342,958** **($14,529 + $15,110) **($372,597 $14,529 $15,110) Copyright 2010 John Wiley &038 Sons, Inc. Weygandt, Accounting Principles, 9/e, Solutions Manual (For Instructor Use Only) 15-25